Síntese e caracterização de hidroxiapatitas carbonatadas nanométricas para regeneração óssea

Abstract

In this study samples were synthesized of nano carbonated hydroxyapatites (HAC) by the precipitation method in aqueous solutions with different concentrations of carbonate, [Ca10-x (PO4)6-x(CO3)x(OH)2-x], in the range 0 ≤ x ≤ 2. The samples were subjected to heat treatment at temperatures of 500, 700 and 1000 °C to study the possible phase transitions and thermal behavior. We used the X-ray diffraction (XRD), Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman Spectroscopy, thermal analysis (TG-DTA), Scanning Transmission Electronic Microscopy (STEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Elemental Analysis (EA) for the characterization of HACs. Refinements were made of diffraction patterns by the method of Le Bail for investigation of structure and crystalline microstructure. The amount of CO3²- present in the samples was determined indirectly by techniques EA, FTIR and TG. It was suggested by DTA and EA, for the samples with x < 0.92 carbonate is PO4³- and the site for the samples with x ≥ 0.92 carbonate was found either at the site of the OH- as PO4³- site. Through the AFM measures, it was seen that the crystallite size is obtained near the crystallite size in the directions "ab", obtained by refinement. By AFM was seen lots of amorphous material, corroborating the background seen in the diffraction patterns. It was found that the sample suffered HC0.00 total phase transformation to α-TCP at 700 °C and β-TCP at 1000° C. All HACs became partially α-TCP at 1000 °C. The results suggest that this biomaterial may improve bone regeneration times compared to a commercially available material.