Autopercepção associada às condições de saúde bucal e impacto na qualidade de vida de pacientes com transtornos mentais do Caps/Alfenas-MG

Abstract

Patients with mental disorders have limitations when performing self-care adequately, especially in relation to personal hygiene and particularly to oral hygiene. This study evaluated the self-perception of oral health conditions and their impact on the quality of life of the patients treated at CAPS/Alfenas-MG. Of the 265 subjects approached, 13.21% had some intellectual impairment or refused to participate. The sample consisted of 230 participants. A semi-structured questionnaire was used as an instrument to collect data on self-perception in oral health, a validated questionnaire - OHIP-14, in order to verify the impact on the quality of life and a clinical assessment sheet recommended by SB BRASIL 2010. Statistical analysis was performed using Microsoft Excel® software and IBM® SPSS® 22.0. The mean age observed was 41.83 (± 13.48). Depression was the most prevalent psychiatric disorder (26.52%). In addition, 83.50% of individuals use psychotropic drugs. Regarding oral health conditions, 96.10% stated that they did not need help with brushing, and the most frequently reported frequency (37.40%) was three times a day. More than a half (55.70%) did not use dental floss and among those who used dental floss, only 51.90% did so daily. Regarding self-perception, 46.52% considered their oral health good and 67,40% were satisfied. However, 67,40% of the interviewees affirmed the need for dental treatment. The mean DMFT recorded was 16.26 (± 11.31), showing no significant difference between the sexes. Regarding CPI, no statistically significant difference (p> 0.050) was observed between genders for periodontal condition and dental calculus was the most common periodontal alteration (36.23%). The mean score recorded for OHIP-14 was 7.72 (± 5.79), with a predominance of weak impact (57.83%). There was no statistically significant correlation between DMFT and OHIP-14. In general, the self-perception of the impact of oral health conditions on quality of life is low. This dissonance evidences the need to address the importance of oral health, creating more effective strategies for promotion, prevention, conservation and oral rehabilitation.