Efeito da prática de exergame no desempenho funcional e alteração de temperatura da articulação do ombro de pacientes com câncer

Abstract

Cancer is the second leading cause of death in developed countries and the third in developing countries. A common condition for individuals with this disease is the presence of cancer-related fatigue, a multifactorial condition that is able to reduce quality of life during treatment and may persist for years. There is evidence that the practice of physical activity is beneficial to minimize the effects of this condition, which involves altered muscle function and reduced quality of life, and a modality of exercise practice that has been used in recent years as an alternative to the practice of conventional exercises are the exergames, video games that require body movements to perform. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the influence of the practice of a protocol of physical activity through exergame in the functional evaluation, based on the dynamometric and electromyographic evaluation, quality of life evaluation and thermographic analysis of the shoulder joint of volunteers with any type of cancer who have had any type of treatment, alone or in combination, such as surgery, chemotherapy and radiotherapy. For this, the volunteers with cancer and without the disease were evaluated by means of the analysis of the maximum voluntary isometric contraction, surface electromyography and thermography of the median deltoid muscle. All participants in the study were assessed for fatigue, pain and shoulder joint dysfunction using the questionnaires The Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue and Shoulder Pain and Disability Index, respectively, at the beginning and at the end of the activity protocol physical. Thirty-eight volunteers were evaluated, being 19 in the cancer group and 19 in the control group, being evaluated in three moments: before the beginning of the protocol, after 10 sessions and after 20 sessions of exergame. For the exergame protocol was used the console Xbox 360® with Kinect® equipped with the game Your Shape Fitness Evolved 2012. The activity was carried out on average three times a week, with a maximum duration of 50 minutes. The mean age of the groups was 61.46 ± 8.79 in the cancer group and 57.62 ± 7.57 in the control group while the mean body mass index of the groups was 28.36 ± 4.94 and 28.06 ± 3.74 for the cancer and control groups respectively. The results show a significant increase in the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Fatigue score after 10 training sessions (p = 0.005), as well as a reduction in the disability scale of the Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (p = 0.008) in the cancer group. A significant increase in the median frequency values in the right deltoid muscle was found between assessment 2 and evaluation 3 (p = 0.02) in the cancer group. In conclusion, the exergames protocol is capable of improving the quality of life of cancer volunteers, reducing shoulder joint disability as well as reported fatigue, and improving the muscle recruitment pattern of the medial deltoid muscle.