Comparação entre os ensaios DOT BLOT, ELISA e Intradermorreação no levantamento da prevalência da infecção paracoccidioídica em área endêmica

Abstract

The paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM) is characterized as a deep mycosis and that affects mainly males and agricultural regions. Infection occurs by inhalation of fungal propagules in the environment, initially reaching the lungs and may spread to other organs. Early diagnosis of the disease prevents the formation of sequels and ensures that the worker gives continuity to their activities of daily living. The intradermal tests, immunodiffusion and ELISA are the most used in the diagnosis of PCM, however, may show cross-reactivity with other diseases such as histoplasmosis, candidiasis and cryptococcosis. Therefore, the objective of this study was to use the technique of Dot Blot assay glycoprotein of 43 kDa as a diagnostic method for PCM infection in individuals exposed to P. brasiliensis in rural Alfenas. Different variables were tested in the standardization of Dot Blot assay using sera samples from patient’s positive and negative individuals. The prevalence of positivity in Dot Blot, ELISA and IDR tests was 57.57%, 56.71% and 68.83% respectively. Seropositivity in the Dot Blot test was higher in males. Most positive individuals lie in the age group above 30 years. The results show a better agreement between the Dot Blot and ELISA. Due to the difficulty in standardizing the Dot blot test a better reproducibility and speed of ELISA, the results suggest that ELISA is more suitable for survey of the prevalence of PCM in rural areas.