Bebida láctea funcional tipo “shake” a base de farinha de banana (Musa spp.) verde: desenvolvimento, aceitabilidade e efeito no estado nutricional antropométrico, metabólico e dietético de mulheres com excesso de peso e adiposidade abdominal.

Abstract

The resistant starch, present in green banana flour (FBV), has been investigated to reduce the glycemic response, the release of insulin and improve the lipid profile in animals; however, human studies are scarce. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of functional dairy beverage type "shake" developed with FBV in the nutritional status anthropometric, metabolic and dietary of women with overweight and abdominal obesity. Initially it developed a powder to prepare the dairy beverage type shake with FBV and one without FBV. Sensory evaluation was carried out through graphic hedonic scale and microbiological analysis (Salmonella spp., Bacillus cereus, coliforms at 45ºC, coagulase-positive staphylococci, yeast and mold count) of the two types of shake. The chemical composition included chemical composition, determining the resistant starch content and concentration of total phenolic. For evaluation of anthropometric, metabolic and dietary effects was conducted a double-blind randomized prospective clinical trial with two volunteer groups. One group received the shake test with FBV (SBV) and another group the shake placebo without FBV (SC). The study of six weeks duration, with assessments at pre-intervention and after consumption; 52 women completed the study, 26 in each group (test and control). The study population was evenly randomized with no statistically significant difference from the anthropometric, metabolic, and dietary variables in the pre-intervention period. Regarding the results, it developed the functional milk drink type shake with FBV, which showed good acceptance among panelists and participants of the study, which is consistent with existing legal microbiological standards and was therefore safe for human consumption. The product of claim functionality was made possible due to the amount of fiber, which value was increased by the presence of resistant starch green bananas. The product has also provided considerable amount phenolic compounds, either derived from FBV as cocoa present in the composition thereof. As provided in the inclusion criteria, the women in the study were overweight or obesity and increased waist circumference, so in metabolic risk, and coronary morbidity and mortality for the development of chronic diseases. Some women had altered lipid profile and most deficient in micronutrients consumption, with large numbers of unhealthy eating habits. The intervention with the SBV for six weeks was more effective than the SC regarding the reduction of waist circumference, waist-hip ratio and waist-height ratio promoting reduced risk of metabolic complications, cardiovascular and development of associated diseases as well as for the increase in total dietary fiber intake. The SBV was source of fiber, especially insoluble, resistant starch and phenolic compounds, helping to improve food quality.