Estudo químico e avaliação das propriedades biológicas de folhas e flores de Caesalpinia pluviosa var. peltophoroides

Abstract

Several species of Caesalpinia have medicinal and some biological activities have been proven experimentally, such as anti-tumor, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial activity. However, there are no reports of Caesalpinia peltophoroides species, popularly know as sibipiruna, when it comes to biological activities and isolated substances. This paper aims to study the chemical and evaluation of antitumor and anti-inflammatory activity of leaves and isolated compounds from Caesalpinia peltophoroides. For this study were obtained from ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic fractions of leaves for phytochemical studies, beyond the crude ethanol extract for pharmacological evaluations. The purpose of this study was to study the phytochemical more polar extracts of leaves following an order of polarity of solvent extractors, since there are few studies of chemical information Caesalpinia peltophoroides. The paper describes the phytochemical study performed with crude ethanol extract and ethyl acetate and hydroalcoholic fractions of leaves. The extracts were fractionated and then subjected to purification. Fractionation of the ethyl acetate fraction of leaves led to the isolation of rutin. The compound were identified by usual spectroscopic techniques. The antiinflammatory activity was evaluated in the paw withdrawal test (electronic Von Frey) and in the model of paw edema by comparing the results with the control groups. The results showed a significant reduction in paw withdrawal threshold and a reduction in paw edema when the extracts were tested. These results indicate that extracts of leaves of C. peltophoroides tested, exhibit anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive but further studies are still needed to discover the mechanism of anti-inflammatory action. For the antitumor activity performed with fractions the cell lines used were lung carcinoma (A549), breast adenocarcinoma (MCF7), melanoma (HT144) and liver carcinoma (HepG2), from human tumors. Only the ethyl acetate fraction inhibited cell viability of melanoma and lung carcinoma. The antitumor activity of essential oil was evaluated against murine melanotic cell (B16F10). The IC50 value obtained was 69 ± 5 μg/mL, indicative of a high potential to the crude oil in comparison to positive control cysplatin (53 ± 4 μg/mL).