Teoria da atividade: reflexões sobre aprendizagens a partir da experimentação investigativa/

Abstract

This research proposes a study of the learning activities performed while using the trial investigative character need to awaken, according to Leontiev's Activity Theory (2004), supported by the historical-cultural approach, proposed by Vygotsky (2007). To collect data, we used the video recording of classes of short courses, annotations written as reports, questionnaires completed by high school students participating in the research and the researcher's field journal. We tried to identify those records, evidence of learning during teaching activities. The investigative trial was used as a mediating instrument to awaken in students need from their potential, culminating with operations in the direction of the object, to solve them consciously. The analyzes were performed according to characteristics that present investigative activities: problem situation, pre and post-trial activities, collecting, recording and analyzing data and presenting findings. The topic discussed during the short courses were "Gasoline", "Perfume", "Ballad", addressing the content "intermolecular forces", "solubility" and "luminescence", respectively, and the first two occurred in six meetings , each and the latter in five. Data analysis refers to the last two short courses, while the first was used only as a pilot project to test the methodology coupled with epistemology adopted. While performing its activities, the researcher organized discussions with students about working, involving aspects such as economy, environment and ethics. The analysis methodology chosen data was content analysis and research was the type action research or participant. The results revealed that the investigative experiment consisted in psychological tool to generate educational need in students, so that mobilized consciously to coordinate operations and take actions so that the object of study, chemical content, were seized in accordance with Activity Theory.