Planejamento e semissíntese de novos análogos da Fukugetina com potencial atividade antileishmania, antioxidante e antiproteolítica

Abstract

This study aimed to the phytochemical study of ethyl acetate extract epicarp (EAEE) from Garcinia brasiliensis, structural change in the natural biflavonoids fukugetina (LFQM-109) and antioxidant activity assays, and enzymatic leishmanicidal of the natural compound and LFQM-109 its semisynthetic analogues. The species G. brasiliensis belongs to the family Guttifereae and is cultivated throughout the Brazilian territory. It is popularly known as bacuri, bacupari, and Poroca bacuripari species in Brazil and Bolivia as guapomo. It is a native of Brazil, Paraguay and northern Argentina. Fractionation of EAEE led to the isolation of compounds LFQM-105, LFQM-106, LFQM-107, LFQM-108 and Fukugetina (LFQM-109). The compounds were identified by comparison with authentic standards and by spectral and spectroscopic usual. From the natural compound fukugetina, alkylation and acylation reactions were performed in order to obtain more lipophilic semisynthetic derivatives. To evaluate the antioxidant activity (reducing power and DPPH radical scavenger) used concentrations of 400-12.5 μM and standards as ascorbic acid and BHT. For evaluating antiparasitic (promastigote and amastigote form) used concentrations between 100-50 μM as standard and pentamidine. The results showed a reduction in testing the antioxidant potential of semisynthetic derivatives compared with the natural compound LFQM-109, probably because reducing the number of phenolic hydroxyl in the structure with structural changes. In tests of antiparasitic activity (promastigote and amastigote forms) was observed an enhancement of the activity of semisynthetic derivatives, possibly by being more lipophilic than the parent compound LFQM-109. Assays were performed on cysteine and serine proteases, observing a significant inhibitory activity of semisynthetic derivatives compared to the precursor LFQM-109, indicating that the increased lipophilicity enhanced the action on these enzymes. This study has thus contributed to the knowledge of chemistry and the antioxidant, antiparasitic and natural compounds of enzyme obtained from G. brasiliensis and the semisynthetic fukugetin.