Avaliação do estresse entre os enfermeiros hospitalares de um município do Sul de Minas Gerais

Abstract

Nursing is considered a stressful and exhausting profession, as professionals in this área work with suffering people, death in the workplace and experience stressful situations related to the burden of responsibility and complexity of human relationships. The goal of this study is to evaluate the stress among nurses in public and private hospitals in a Southern city of Minas Gerais state. This is a descriptive-analytic, transversal and quantitative study, developed among 100 nurses from four public and private hospitals in a town in Southern Minas Gerais. After approved by the Research Ethics Committee, it was used a questionnaire with sociodemographic variables, lifestyle, academic and professional activities, and the Bianchi stress scale, validated in Brazil, to collect the data in May 2014b. The data were analyzed in statistical program, using the Qui-square or Fisher's exact Person´s test, Cronbach's alpha and the odds ratio of the independent variables with stress, beyond the logistic regression model. As a result, there was a higher frequency of female professionals, aged 30 to 39, married or with a partner, with children, family monthly income between 3501-7000 reals, Catholic, sedentary, nonsmokers, not consuming alcohol, having no chronic disease, and making continuous medication. Regarding the training data, most have majoring time between 4-6 years of graduationand have Lato Sensu and / or stricto sensu graduation courses. Regarding the professional performance variables, there was a predominance of nurses with up to 3 years of experience as a hospital nurse, with a workload of 44 hours per week, not having other employment performing the care and supervision function. It was found a medium stress level among the studied nurses, highlighting a high stress in three areas of the scale regarding "activities related to the proper functioning of the unit," "personnel management" and "coordination of activities of the unit" . Only the variable "landmark event in life" was significantly associated to stress (p = 0.030). The scale showed a high value of Cronbach's Alpha, 0.95. The conclusion is that stress is present among nurses, especially in functions concerning administrative activities of the unit expressing their operation. Thus, nurses that manage these activities along with careful supervision may increase the risk of occupational stress if an appropriate dimension of responsibilities among all professionals nursing institution is not available.