Avaliação de diferentes fontes de aquecimento na taxa de hidrólise de óleo residual empregando lipases imobilizadas.

Abstract

The enzymatic hydrolysis catalyzed by lipases is an alternative widely used in the industrial environment, acting in low temperature and pressure conditions, capable of obtaining products of great value. Residual frying oil is used several times, they are transformed into waste and their improper disposal can cause environmental damage, such as: in addition to causing damage to domestic pipes and sewage treatment networks. This study aimed to study the enzymatic hydrolysis of residual frying oil in different heating systems: ultrasound, conventional and microwave, using a combination of lipases: Burkholderia cepacia (85%) and pork pancreas (15%) in its free and immobilized covalent bond on supports: Niobium oxide (ON), Chitosan (QUIT) and Polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB), under the conditions: molar ratio 1:1 (oil/gum arabic solution pH 7.0 phosphate buffer), in temperature of 40°C, 100 W of power, agitation of 600 rpm for a period of 6h of reaction, the conditions were established according to the experimental design of lipase mixtures, defined by previous studies. In order to obtain the highest efficiency of hydrolysis of residual frying oil, tests were first carried out with lipases in their free form, however it was observed that in the microwave system it had a low hydrolysis yield (22.61%)., compared to the other systems: ultrasound (48%) and conventional (31.21%). As a result, tests were carried out with the lipases LBC and LPP immobilized on different supports: Niobium oxide, Chitosan and Polyhydroxybutyrate, in order to evaluate their efficiency in immobilization when used in the hydrolysis process in this present study, the results obtained showed that the Niobium oxide and PHB supports showed greater efficiency and that the use of immobilized lipases are more viable. The immobilization presented great advantage, where the lipases were reused in up to three cycles in the hydrolysis reaction.