Síntese de triglicerídeos dietéticos catalisada por lipase de Rhizopus oryzae imobilizada em pó de sabugo de milho por adsorção física

Abstract

There is a constant increase in the search for quality of life, which has led the population to develop healthier habits. Oils and fats, very present in the routine and basic part of a diet, have been paying attention, and when consumed in excess they can trigger several diseases. Grape seed oil is a raw material in several branches in the industry, rich in vitamin E, antioxidants and essential oils, corroborating the importance of developing technologies that disseminate its use to take advantage of its benefits. In view of this, dietary triglycerides have stood out due to their nutraceutical properties, lower caloric value, greater solubility and easier metabolism in the body, compared to conventional ones. Despite its many benefits, the use of enzymes may not be advantageous, as it increases costs in the process. A very promising alternative is the immobilization of the enzyme, since this method allows the reuse of the biocatalyst. For these processes, fixed bed reactors (PBR) are commonly used, due to their efficiency and high production. In this work, the objective was to synthesize dietary triglycerides of the MLM type in acidolysis reaction, using grape seed oil and capric acid (C10), catalyzed by Rhizopus oryzae lipase immobilized by physical adsorption in corn cob powder. The immobilized biocatalyst was characterized in terms of optimum temperature and pH using an experimental central rotational composite design (DCCR). It was also evaluated the thermal stability, as well as the kinetic and thermodynamic parameters of the free and immobilized enzyme, at different temperatures. Through experimental design, central rotational composite design (DCCR), the molar ratio, temperature and amount of biocatalyst suitable for a higher degree of incorporation (GI) were determined. Finally, the synthesis was performed in a fixed bed reactor and the product was analyzed for GI and triglyceride percentages. The results obtained allowed the selection of the most efficient reaction conditions for obtaining dietary triglycerides of the MLM type, with promising results in biotechnology.