Cuidado de enfermagem à pessoa com ferida, em estratégia saúde da família: pesquisa convergente assistencial

Abstract

The expressive increase of people with wounding is characterized as a public health problem. In this scenario, there is a need for investment in the quality of care provided by nursing professionals. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze the contributions of an educational intervention for the practice of the nursing professionals in the Family Health Strategy in caring of people with wounding. It is a qualitative research, based on the theoretical framework of Social Constructionism and methodological of the Convergent Assistance Research. The study was conducted in the Family Health Strategies of a city located in the south of Minas Gerais, and the educational actions were performed in a Federal University of the city. There were 26 professionals participating in all stages of the research, being 11 nurses and 15 nursing technicians. The process of convergent assistance research was developed in four phases: conception, instrumentation, examination and analysis. The data were generated through semi-structured interviews, participant observation, field diary and convergence group. The analysis and interpretation of the data followed the steps proposed by the methodological framework that consist of apprehension, synthesis, theorization and transfer. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee, under No 3.674.487. From the data analysis, it was possible to characterize the sociodemographic and the school education degree of the participants and the preparation of the categories: Educative intervention: reflection on the work process; Educative intervention: contribution to the praxis; and Educative intervention: a new look at the injured person. The participants pointed out aspects that challenge the work of the nursing team in caring for the person with a wound, such as the lack of human resources, the multiplicity of actions developed by the nurse, the inadequate infrastructure, the scarcity of inputs and weaknesses in the reference and counter-reference system. There were also highlighted the incipient knowledge of the team, the lack of autonomy, the lack of permanent education in the institution and the lack of protocols to guide the care of the person with a wound. The educative action seems to have sensitized the professionals on the importance of comprehensive care to the person with a wound, considering their multidimensionality. In view of the reality observed in the course of this study, convergent assistance research is an effective method to build a new knowledge and produce innovations in the practice of professionals of the Family Health Strategy. It provided changes in reality as the scientific knowledge has contributed to rethink the work process and praxis. It arouse the critical thinking, care with more security, the legal foundation to support actions and the desire to develop tools that can support professional autonomy. It is believed that it is essential to share the situation presented with the health managers of the city, in an attempt to raise their awareness about the reality of the practical context of the Family Health Strategies and to discuss changes in this scenario.