Eficácia da intervenção educativa sobre o exame citopatológico para enfermeiros em ambiente virtual de aprendizagem

Abstract

The service of cleaning and disinfection of surfaces aims to prepare the environment for its activities in the daily practice of health, organize and maintain in order the different sectors and promote the safety of patients and workers. Failures in the process of cleaning and disinfecting surfaces can result in the spread of microorganisms, putting the health of patients and professionals at risk. This study aimed to evaluate the degree of knowledge, skills and attitudes of nursing professionals about the cleaning and disinfection of the gynecological table mattress, as a proposal of intervention, using the virtual learning environment. A quantitative, quasi-experimental study of the pre- and post-test type was carried out with 30 nurses and nursing technicians and the proposal of Filatro and Cairo (2015) was used for the development of instructional design. Two matrices of competencies were elaborated, aiming to direct the selection of educational resources and to lead the elaboration of the design and the development of the course on "Cleaning and disinfection of the mattress of the gynecological table of the nursing room", in the Platform Moodle. Two modules were produced, the first one being "Hand Hygiene" and the second "Gynecological Table Cleaning and Disinfection Technique", with the media resources: simulated scenario video, video lesson and didactic support material. The cognitive knowledge test, after elaboration, was submitted to content validation and concordance analysis through the Kappa Fleiss test. The data collection of the research participants was carried out from March to June 2018. Three questionnaires were applied: characterization of the participants, evaluation of the virtual learning environment and test of cognitive knowledge as pre- and post-test. The study was submitted to the Research Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Alfenas, and was approved under opinion no. 2,487,634. There was excellent agreement of the cognitive knowledge test among the judges, resulting in a Kappa Fleiss value of 0.88. There was a predominance of females (93.3%), mean age of 36 years, minimum of 24 and maximum of 58 years. A strongly significant association was found between pre and post-test scores (p = 0.0001). The overall mean found in the pre-test was 14.4 and in the post-test 17.6, considering a total of 21 points. All media resources were considered adequate and very adequate. The results show the effectiveness of the intervention and the importance of offering refresher courses in a virtual learning environment for nursing professionals, with a view to improving the actions of prevention of infections related to the surface gynecological table of the nursing room, both for the patients as well as health professionals. More than that, the educational intervention has an important social impact since it enabled the transfer of technology and knowledge and contributed to the implementation of public policies for women's integral health.