A ditadura militar brasileira representada nos livros didáticos de história (1985-2014)

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze the representations of the Brazilian military dictatorship in the history textbooks, destined for the Elementary School II, which circulated in the editions of the National Textbook Program between 1985 and 2014. From the theoretical references of Alain Choppin, Roger Chartier, Ivor Goodson and André Chervel, seek to understand how the manuals built different representations about the period, taking into account aspects of their production and distribution process. In this sense, books were selected from different phases of the program, in order to constitute a historical view of the representations about the period. In the early years, until the implementation of the pedagogical evaluation by MEC, works with conflicting views on the military regime were aired. Some of them, which had been edited during the end of the regime, pointed to the coup as a reaction to a context of potential subversion of the order, legitimized repression and adopted a laudatory tone about the military's economic policy, emphasizing its impact on growth. Others, made by different authors in a context of renewal of the discipline of history, represented the dictatorship quite critically, especially in political and economic matters. They understood the coup as an articulation of sectors of the ruling classes and the United States to secure their privileges, denounced repressive brutality, and questioned the economic model, marked by the withdrawal of workers' rights and the concentration of income. After the implementation of the pedagogical evaluation process, the books that somehow legitimized authoritarianism leave the market. In addition, they gain space in the thematic manuals related to the culture and daily life of the period.